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education/nutrition/Energy Balance & Weight Management.md
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@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ Not always accurate for:
- **Visceral fat** is the accumulation of adipose cells under the abdominal muscles and over the digestive organs to protect them - **Visceral fat** is the accumulation of adipose cells under the abdominal muscles and over the digestive organs to protect them
- Types of obesity - Types of obesity
- **Apple shaped (Central body)**: Central body obesity: Risk of heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, HTN, cancer - **Apple shaped (Central body)**: Central body obesity: Risk of heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, HTN, cancer. This is more common in men. This is symbolic of extra visceral fat stores
- **Gynoid (Pear shaped)**: Not associated w/ Chronic Disease Risk - **Gynoid (Pear shaped)**: Not associated w/ Chronic Disease Risk
## Assessment ## Assessment
- Hydrostatic weight (error of 2-3%) - Hydrostatic weight (error of 2-3%)
- Air displacement plethysmography- BODPOD (error of 3-5%) - Air displacement plethysmography- BODPOD (error of 3-5%)
- Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry: DEXA (Error of 1-4%) - Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry: DEXA (Error of 1-4%)
- **Bio-electrical impedance** (Error: 3-4%) Sends a shock through your body and measures how long it takes. Body fat resists electricity more than muscle. - **Bio-electrical impedance** (Error: 3-4%) Sends a shock through your body and measures how long it takes. Body fat resists electricity more.
- Skinfold calipers (Error 3-5%) - Skinfold calipers (Error 3-5%)
- **Waist circumference -> 35 inches for a women** or **>40 inches for a man** is associated with central adiposity and increased health risk, specifically CVD risk - **Waist circumference -> 35 inches for a women** or **>40 inches for a man** is associated with central adiposity and increased health risk, specifically CVD risk
@ -105,5 +105,7 @@ Not always accurate for:
- Factors that increase BMR include thyroid hormone levels and postexercise recovery - Factors that increase BMR include thyroid hormone levels and postexercise recovery
- Factors that decrease BMR include starvation and aging. - Factors that decrease BMR include starvation and aging.
- Physical activity - Physical activity
- Thermic effect of food - Thermic effect of food (digestion, processing, et cetera)
- Non-exercise activity - Non-exercise activity
Ghrelin is a hormone secreted by the stomach that stimulates eating behavior. Grehlin