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education/nutrition/Nutrients.md
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Nutrients are the life sustaining substances found in food.
- Necessary for growth, maintenance, and repair.
- Source of raw elements the body uses to carry out activities (oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and calcium).
There are 6 nutrients:
- Vitamins
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- Energy
- Regulation of processes
Nutrients will typically have more than one role in the body.
## Essential Nutrients
A nutrient is classified as essential if:
- It must be supplied by food, because the body cannot create it in sufficient quantities
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- Income
## Physiological Composition
The proportions present in males and females varies, but between 50 and 70% by weight of the body is composed of water.
The proportions present in males and females varies, but between 50 and 70% by weight of the body is composed of water. Women tend to have less water and protein, with more fat.
# Definitions
| Term | Definition |
| ------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Nutrients | The life sustaining substances found in food. Necessary for growth, maintenance, and repair. |
| Nutrition | The study of how nutrients affect our body. |
| Diet | A person's usual pattern of food choices. Everyone has a diet, and you don't begin and end diets, you just make changes to your existing diet. |
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| Essential nutrient | A nutrient is considered *essential* if it *must* be supplied by food, because the body cannot create it in sufficient quantities. If an essential nutrient is missing, it results in a *deficiency disease*. |
| Deficiency disease | A deficiency disease occurs when an essential nutrient is missing. Examples include anemia (iron) and scurvy (vitamin c) |
| Lifestyle | A routine way of living |
| Metabolism | Metabolism is the term for all chemical processes that occur in living cells. This includes:<br>- Breaking larger molecules down into smaller molecules (supplying energy)<br>- Building larger molecules (like protiens or long-chain fats)<br>- Eliminating waste products<br> |
| | |