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education/nutrition/Energy Balance & Weight Management.md
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@ -61,4 +61,19 @@ Not always accurate for:
- Normal weight obesity refers to a normal body weight as measured by BMI, but they actually have higher body fat
- Comes with an associated risk of insulin resistance
- Diabetes
- Coronary artery disease
- Coronary artery disease
# Body Composition and Fat Distribution
- Body composition is the relative and absolute measurement of body tissues, usually expressed as a percent body fat
- Adipose tissue refers to fat cells
- Total body fat refers to to adipose tissue and essential fat
- Essential fat is fat that is vital for survival; found in cell membranes, certain bones, and nervous tissue.
- **Subcutaneous** is fat accumulation of adipose tissue cells in the tissue under the skin.
- This layer helps to:
- *Insulate the body against cold temps*
- *Protect the body from bumps and bruises*
- **Visceral fat** is the accumulation of adipose cells under the abdominal muscles and over the digestive organs to protect them
- Types of obesity
- **Apple shaped (Central body)**: Centeral body obesity: Risk of heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, HTN, cancer
- **Gynoid (Pear shaped)**: Not associated w/ Chronic Disease Risk