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education/nutrition/Carbohydrates.md
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ There are 3 categories of carbs.
- Glucose: Primary fuel for muscles, nerves, and other cells, the most common. - Glucose: Primary fuel for muscles, nerves, and other cells, the most common.
- Fructose: In **fruits**, honey, and certain vegetables - Fructose: In **fruits**, honey, and certain vegetables
- Galactose: Component of lactose - Galactose: Component of lactose
- A **disaccharaide** is a simple sugar comprised of two monosaccharides. - A **disaccharide** is a simple sugar comprised of two monosaccharides.
- Maltose: Disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules "malt sugar" - Maltose: Disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules "malt sugar"
- Sucrose: Disaccharide composed of a glucose and fructose molecule "table sugar" - Sucrose: Disaccharide composed of a glucose and fructose molecule "table sugar"
- Lactose: Disaccharide composed of a glucose and a galactose molecule "milk sugar" - Lactose: Disaccharide composed of a glucose and a galactose molecule "milk sugar"
@ -17,5 +17,14 @@ There are 3 categories of carbs.
- High fructose corn syrup is a syrup obtained from the processing of corn - High fructose corn syrup is a syrup obtained from the processing of corn
- No conclusive evidence that the use of HFCS causes poor health and disease - No conclusive evidence that the use of HFCS causes poor health and disease
- Excessive calories from beverages sweetened with HFCS contributes to increased risk for diabetes and heart disease - Excessive calories from beverages sweetened with HFCS contributes to increased risk for diabetes and heart disease
- Nutritive sweeteners are substances that sweeten and contribute energy to foods
- Each gram of mono or disaccharide supplies 4 kcal
- Added sugars are sugars added to foods during processing or prep
- The main source of added sugars in the American diet is sugar sweetened beverages.
- Alternative sweeneters are substances that sweeten foods while providing few or no calories
- Sugar alcohols are alternative sweeners use to replace sucrose in some some sugar free foods:
- Sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol
- Not fully absor
# Starches # Starches
# Fiber # Fiber