From be23dae8273a907db3a743a48fd1bd3c05f49e6e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: arc Date: Wed, 7 Jan 2026 21:37:20 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] vault backup: 2026-01-07 21:37:20 --- education/physics/PHYS2220/Gauss's Law.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/education/physics/PHYS2220/Gauss's Law.md b/education/physics/PHYS2220/Gauss's Law.md index 971158d..3789d67 100644 --- a/education/physics/PHYS2220/Gauss's Law.md +++ b/education/physics/PHYS2220/Gauss's Law.md @@ -20,5 +20,6 @@ $$ \Phi = \oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} = \oint EdA \cos\theta$$ For a closed sphere, the equation becomes: $$ \Phi = E(4\pi r^2) $$ +Before proceeding, we introduce the so-called permittivity constant $\in_0$, defined as $\in_0 = 1/4 \pi k$, where $k$ is the Coulomb constant. ---- \ No newline at end of file +---