diff --git a/education/nutrition/Digestive System.md b/education/nutrition/Digestive System.md index 69b7e88..9a0e593 100644 --- a/education/nutrition/Digestive System.md +++ b/education/nutrition/Digestive System.md @@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ Absorption is the uptake and removal of nutrients from the digestive tract. 1. The stomach is a muscular sac that stores and mixes food 2. Gastric glands located in the stomach synthesize and secrete gastric juice 1. Gastric juice is a mix of mucus, hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor, and digestive enzymes + 1. Mucus cells secrete mucus to protect the lining of the stomach from the acid + 2. Parietal cells secrete intrinsic factor and the components of hydrochloric acid into the lumen of the stomach + 1. Intrinsic factor is a substance necessary for absorbing vitamin B-12 + 3. Chief cells secrete some chemically inactive digestive enzymes + 1. Pepsinogen + 2. Gastric lipase + 4. G cells secrete gastrin - A hormone that stimulates stomach motility and gastric gland secretions 4. Small intestine (DJI) 1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum @@ -39,7 +46,7 @@ Sphincters are thickened regions of circular muscle that control the flow of con - Essential for normal digestion and absorption There are 3 main sphincters associated with digestion: 1. Gastroesophageal/lower esophageal/cardiac - connects the esophagus to the stomach -2. Pyloric - connects the stomach to the duodenum (small intestine) +2. Pyloric - connects the stomach to the duodenum (small intestine) and regulates the flow of chyme 3. ileocecal valve - Connects the small intestine to the large intestine The upper esophageal sphincter is at the top of the esophagus (not as important). @@ -54,6 +61,8 @@ Chemical digestion refers to the breakdown of large molecules in food into small # Definitions -| Phrase | Definition | -| ------ | --------------------------------------------- | -| Lumen | The open space inside of the digestive system | +| Phrase | Definition | +| -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | +| Lumen | The open space inside of the digestive system | +| Chyme | A semiliquid mass that forms when food mixes with gastric juice. Occurs in the lower stomach | +| Motility | The ability of an organism to move independently |