vault backup: 2024-10-01 13:05:46

education/nutrition/Carbohydrates.md

@@ -68,5 +68,29 @@ Complex carbs have 3 or more monosaccharides bonded together
 		- Enzyme that splits sucrose molecules
 	- Lactase
 		- Enzyme that splits lactose molecules
-1. Dietary carbohydrates are delivered from 
+- Only monosaccharides are absorbed
-- Fructose and galactose are converted to **glucose** in the liver.
+1. Dietary carbohydrates from stomach are delivered to small intestine
+2. Glucose and other monosaccharides are transported to liver
+3. Blood levels of glucose maintained for brain and other body cells
+4. Glucose transported to muscle
+- Fructose and galactose are converted to **glucose** in the liver.
+- Absorption of monosaccharides mainly occurs in the small intestine
+	- Galactose and glucose are absorbed by active transport
+	- Fructose is absorbed by facilitated diffusion
+- Monosaccharides enter the capillary network
+	- Transported to the lever by the hepatic portal vein
+- Simple sugars are:
+	- Made into glycogen or fat by the liver
+	- Released into bloodstream for energy use
+- Fiber is not digested
+	- Eventually enters large intestine
+		- Bacteria ferment soluble fiber (producing gas)
+			- Used for energy
+		- Insoluble fiber contributes to softer fees
+	- Any fiber Present in food would delay rate at which chyme enters from the stomach
+		- Promotes satiety
+	- Refined grain products are generally low in fiber
+# Glucose
+- Insulin is the hormone secreted from the beta cells of the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels by helping glucose enter cells
+	- Released when blood glucose levels are high
+- Glucagen is a hormone secreted from the alpha cells of the pancrease that helps regulate blood glucose leve