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## Types of Studies
### Experimental
- A *systematic way* of testing a hypothesis
- A *systematic way* of testing a hypothesis.
- Animal vs human
- Treatment vs control
- There's a degree of *control* present.
- Can be used to test causation.
### Epidemiological
- An observational stu of the occurrence, distribution, and associations between factors and health or disease in a population.
- *Observations* of the occurrence, distribution, and associations between factors and health or disease in a population.
- Observations at one point or over time.
- **Case Control:**
- Cases matched with controls and information is gathered
- **Cohort** (2 types):
- Retrospective: Collect info about a group's past exposures and identify current outcomes
- Prospective: group of healthy people that are followed over time and the outcome noted.
- Most common for use on humans.
- **Never** used to determine *causation*, only correlation.
- Human experimental studies are usually **double blind**, meaning neither the investigators nor the subjects are aware of the group assignment.
# Definitions
| Term | Description |
| -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Nutrient-dense | Nutrient-dense food supplies more vitamins and minerals in relation to the total calories. |
| In vivo | Experiments using entire living organisms |
| In vitro | Experiments on cells and other components. |