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education/physics/PHYS2220/Electric Charge.md
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@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ An electric dipole consists of two point charges of equal magnitude but opposite
# Continuous Charge Distributions # Continuous Charge Distributions
It's largely impossible to sum the electric field from every particle in a piece of matter, so the approximation is made that the charge is spread continuously over the distribution. It's largely impossible to sum the electric field from every particle in a piece of matter, so the approximation is made that the charge is spread continuously over the distribution.
- If the charge distribution extends throughout a *3d volume*, we describe it in terms of the **volume charge density** $\rho$, with units of $\frac{C}{m^3}$. - The number of dimensions involved changes the unit and terminology used:
- For charge distributions spread over *surfaces*, we use **surface charge density** $\sigma$ ($\frac{C}{m^2}$). - If the charge distribution extends throughout a *3d volume*, we describe it in terms of the **volume charge density** $\rho$, with units of $\frac{C}{m^3}$.
- For charge distributions spread over *lines*, we use **line charge density** $\lambda$ ($\frac{C}{m}$). - For charge distributions spread over *surfaces*, we use **surface charge density** $\sigma$ ($\frac{C}{m^2}$).
- For charge distributions spread over *lines*, we use **line charge density** $\lambda$ ($\frac{C}{m}$).