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education/software development/ECE1400/C.md
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@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ A variable must be declared before it is assigned.
| --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `%d` | Decimal representation: Display a value as a base 10 (hence the decimal) integer. | | `%d` | Decimal representation: Display a value as a base 10 (hence the decimal) integer. |
| `%f` | Fixed point decimal representation. Specify the number of places to round to by adding a decimal and a number, eg `%.2f` would round to two decimal places. | | `%f` | Fixed point decimal representation. Specify the number of places to round to by adding a decimal and a number, eg `%.2f` would round to two decimal places. |
| `%e` | | | `%e` | Exponential floating point number representation. |
| `%g` | Either fixed point or exponential representation, whichever has a more compact representation. |
For number formatting specifiers, the convention is as follows: For number formatting specifiers, the convention is as follows:
`%-a.bX` `%-a.bX`
`%`: Start of the formatting specifier `%`: Start of the formatting specifier
@ -43,4 +44,15 @@ For number formatting specifiers, the convention is as follows:
`b`: The number of decimal places to round to `b`: The number of decimal places to round to
`X`: The type of format to use, and the end of the specifier. Use `d` for integer base 10 (decimal) representation, `f` for fixed point decimal, and `e` for exponential notation, and `g` to select between fixed point and exponential, whichever is shorter. `X`: The type of format to use, and the end of the specifier. Use `d` for integer base 10 (decimal) representation, `f` for fixed point decimal, and `e` for exponential notation, and `g` to select between fixed point and exponential, whichever is shorter.
## `printf` ## `printf`
Used to write a string to stdout with the ability to format variables into the string.
Write a string to standard output. `f` indicates that it's a formatting string. The string will not include move the cursor to a newline, append `\n` to the end of the string to do so. Write a string to standard output. `f` indicates that it's a formatting string. The string will not include move the cursor to a newline, append `\n` to the end of the string to do so.
Printf accepts a variable number of arguments, the first argument is the formatting string, then following arguments are the arguments to be inserted into the string.
## `scanf`
Read value(s) from stdin.
`scanf` is to stdin as `printf` is to stdout.
The format of the input is specified