vault backup: 2026-01-07 21:17:20

education/physics/PHYS2220/Gauss's Law.md

@@ -6,4 +6,6 @@ While there's nothing directly *flowing* in an electric field, the term flux is
 In the simplest case with a uniform field of magnitude $E$ perpendicular to an area $A$, the flux is described as follows:
 $$ \Phi = EA$$
 - $E$ refers to the amplitude
-- $A$ refers to the area
+- $A$ refers to the area
+
+If the area is tilted relative to the field, then the strength of the field is reduced by a factor of $\cos \theta$, where $\theta$ is the angle between the electric field $\vec{E}$ and a vector $\vec{A}$ that's normal to the surface. This generalizes our flux equation to $\Phi = EA\cos\theta$