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education/nutrition/Digestive System.md
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@ -58,7 +58,10 @@ Chemical digestion refers to the breakdown of large molecules in food into small
- Enzymes usually end in -ase and begin with the name of whatever they are working to digest: - Enzymes usually end in -ase and begin with the name of whatever they are working to digest:
- Amylase digests amylose - Amylase digests amylose
- Maltase digests maltose - Maltase digests maltose
# Nutrient Absorption
- **Simple Diffusion**: Occurs when the concentration of a particular nutrient is higher in one area than an other. This form of transport does not require energy input. Many water-soluble vitamins, lipids, and some minerals are absorbed in the digestive tract by simple diffusion.
- **Facilitated Diffusion**: Enterocytes absorb some nutrients by facilitated diffusion, another process that does not require energy. Although the nutrient moves down its concentration gradient, it still needs to be carried by a special transport protein within the membrane of the enterocyte. Absorption of simple sugar fructose occurs by facilitated diffusion
- **Active Transport**: Some nutrients move from the lumen of the intestine and into an enterocyte against the concentration gradient; that is, from low to high concentration. Absorption of these nutrients requires both a unique transport protein and energy. Enterocytes rely on active transport to absorb glucose and amino acids.
# Definitions # Definitions
| Phrase | Definition | | Phrase | Definition |