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education/nutrition/Lipids.md
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Lipids are a class of nutrients that do not dissolve in water. - **Lipids** are a class of nutrients that do not dissolve in water.
- They will dissolve in organic solv - They will dissolve in organic solvents
- Oil is less dense than water, so it will rise to the top of a solution
- Major functions of lipids in the body include
- Providing and storing energy
- forming and maintaining cell membranes
- producing steroid hormoes
- insulating the body
- cushioning the body against bumps and blows
- forming body contours
- **absorbing fat soluble vitamins and phytochemicals**
## Fatty Acids
A fatty acid is a hydrocarbon chain found in lipids; one end of the chain forms a carboxylic acid, and one end forms a methyl group.
- Short chain fatty acids have 2 to 4 carbons
- Medium chain fatty acids have 6 to 12 acids
- Long chan acids have 14 to 24 carbons
- Fatty acids are identified by:
- The number of carbon atoms
- The type of bond between carbon atoms
- **Saturated fatty acid (SFA)** Every single carbon atom is filled with hydrogen atoms
- **Unsaturated fatty acid** is a fatty acid that is missing hydrogen atoms and has one or more double bonds within the carbon chain
- **Monounsaturated** (MUFA)
- Has one double bond within the carbon chain
- **Polyunsaturated** (PUFA)
- Fatty acid that has two or more bonds within the carbon chain
# Triglycerides # Triglycerides
# Phospholipids # Phospholipids
# Sterols # Sterols